Abdominal Pressure: (Pabd) the pressure surrounding the bladder, usually
measured via rectum or vagina. Standard channel on CMG or pressure/flow
studies, measured in cmH2O
Abdominal Leak Point Pressure: (ALPP) the intravesical pressure at which there is
leakage of fluid from the bladder caused by increasing abdominal pressure by
straining or coughing. ALPP less than 60cmH2O pressure is considered intrinsic
sphincter dysfunction. ALPP greater than 90cmH2O pressure can indicate
urethral hypermobility, and shows a low risk of intrinsic sphincter dysfunction.
Standard annotation in Event Menu, often on Control Panel
Acontractile Detrusor: (formerly arreflexic bladder) absence of detrusor
contraction under urodynamic evaluation
Area Under The Curve: a calculation of the area contained by the curve of a
urethral pressure profile
Bladder Pressure: (Pves, intravesical pressure) pressure within the bladder
standard channel on CMG, pressure/flow, or UPP tests, measured in cmH2O
Calibration: “checking calibrations” - verifying the accuracy of measurements
“recalibrate” – a procedure to correct or improve the accuracy of
measurements
Capacity: notation of the sensation at which the patient feels he/she can no
longer delay voiding. This is the point at which permission to void is given.
Standard annotation in Event Menu, often placed on the Control Panel
Closure Pressure: (Pclo) the calculated value that reflects the difference between
urethral pressure and bladder pressure. Pura–Pves=Pclo. Pclo less than
20cmH2O pressure can indicate intrinsic sphincter dysfunction. Standard
channel in a UPP test, measured in cmH2O
Compliance: the relationship between bladder volume and bladder pressure.
Calculated by dividing the change in detrusor pressure during that change in
bladder volume. Expressed in ml/cm H2O. Standard points are: the detrusor
pressure at start of bladder filling (usually zero), the detrusor pressure at
cystometric capacity (but before any detrusor contractions). Can be calculated
using the function found under “Info” on the client screen, or set to Auto
Compliance under “Options”
Cystometrogram: (CMG) the graphical recording of bladder pressures. Most
commonly used to refer to general urodynamic studies. Standard will include
Pves, Pabd, Pdet, EMG and display volume infused and infusion rate
Detrusor: muscle layer surrounding bladder
Detrusor Leak Point Pressure: detrusor pressure at which urine leakage occurs in
the absence of either a detrusor contraction OR increased abdominal pressure.
Most often seen in neurologically impaired patients such as spinal cord injury.
DLPP greater than 40cmH2O pressure can lead to upper urinary tract damage
Detrusor Overactivity: characterized by involuntary detrusor contractions during
the filling phase of urodynamics – either spontaneous or provoked
Detrusor Overactivity Incontinence: incontinence as a result of involuntary
detrusor contraction
Detrusor Pressure: (Pdet) the calculated pressure measurement reflecting that
component of total intravesical pressure that is generated by the detrusor
muscle. Pves-Pabd=Pdet. Standard on CMG or pressure/flow tests, measured
in cmH2O
Electromyogram: the measurement of nerve activity – in urodynamics to monitor
sphincter muscle activity
Enuresis: involuntary loss of urine, usually subcategorized as nocturnal enuresis
meaning involuntary loss of urine during sleep
Filling Phase: (storage phase) often used to describe the CMG portion of a
urodynamic examination, this phase ends prior to voiding
Sensation: in urodynamics, the reported sensations during testing such as first
sensation, first desire, strong desire, and sense of reaching bladder capacity.
These are recorded as annotations, in the Event Menu and usually on the
Control panel.
Micturition Study: a pressure/flow study. This study includes pressure
measurements such as Pves and Pabd as well as uroflow measurements. This
allows documentation of the relationship between the pressure generated during
the voiding event and the resultant flow rate and pattern.
Post Void Residual: (PVR) the volume of urine left in the bladder after voiding
Pressure/Flow Study: (Micturition study) a urodynamic study that includes
pressure measurements such as Pves and Pabd as well as uroflow
measurements. This allows documentation of the relationship between the
pressure generated during the voiding event and the resultant flow rate and
pattern. Standard will include: Pves, Pabd, Pdet, EMG, Flow, Volume voided,
and digital display of volume infused and infusion rate
Pressure Transmission Ratio: (PTR) the increment in urethral pressure on stress
as a percentage of the simultaneously recorded increment in intravesical
pressure. Calculated as: PTR=(urethral pressure rise during stress maneuvers
at the site of MUCP/intravesical pressure rise) x100. If the pressure measured
on the Pclo channel becomes negative leakage is likely to occur. For best
correlation between stress urinary incontinence and findings on stress UPP, the
test should be done with a full bladder, and in the erect position.
Stress Urinary Incontinence: (SUI) the symptom of a loss of urine associated with
exertion, often with cough or sneeze. This is considered a complaint unless
proven urodynamically, when it then is known as urodynamic stress incontinence
(formerly genuine stress incontinence)
Strong Desire To Void: described as the persistent desire to void without fear of
leakage
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